Giacosa!

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圖片來源﹕Decanter 雜誌 2010 年 2 月號

 

我是個 Barolo Barbaresco 痴,最令我著迷的是 Bruno Giacosa

 

Giacosa 的酒我喝得比較多,每過一陣子便心有所思,但奇怪的是﹕談別的酒容易,但你要是問我 Giacosa 好在那裏,我實在沒辦法說清楚,也不知道從何說起。

可能是我太著迷了,一想起 Giacosa 的酒,我便想起 Giacosa 其人,馬上學起 Giacosa 那種不苟言語的作風。

倒不如借他人的眼睛看看這位曠世奇才吧。

 

The Man

 

Sheldon Wasserman Giacosa 的這段奇遇,在我腦子裏重新播放了不知道多少遍。

When we had lunch with him in November 1984 and he served us from the half-down bottle of '78 Santo Stefano opened more than two weeks earlier (17 days, to be exact), we were both honored and pleased.  This Barbaresco was a knock-out, in fact, for us it was the single finest wine produced in that very fine vintage.  We told him so.  Characteristically, Bruno did not smile at the compliment.  He did acknowledge it, however, in his way; he poured us a generous refill.

 

 

 

圖片來源﹕Sheldon Wasserman 著作 Italy's Noble Red Wines 第一版

 

Bruno Giacosa 是個木訥的人。有人說他是想把話留給他的酒去說,但我更相信他骨子裏是個儒家的君子。像儒家的敬天地一樣, Giacosa 大概對 Piedmont 那片天地也充滿著敬畏吧?

Bruno Giacosa 有別于所有其他的 Piedmont winemakers ,首先是因為他超過半個世紀以來不停的周遊 Piedmont 列村。從 14 歲開始,他便跟隨他的祖父 Carlo 和父親 Mario 踏遍 Barolo Barbaresco 的每一條村莊,找尋最好的 nebbiolo 葡萄來釀酒。

我常常想﹕ Giacosa 有著 Mozart 的影子, Wolfgang 小小年紀便被父親 Leopold 拉著他踏遍歐洲,他從各地攝取的養分早已成為他自己的音樂細胞,所以 Mozart 的音樂得以成為一種國際語言,而且在所有的古典曲式都留下了不朽的作品。我認為嚴格來說並沒有具體的 Mozart 個人風格,原因是他唱的是整個時代的歌。

Bruno Giacosa 也是這麼一回事﹕Giacosa 的酒流露的不是他個人的風格;nebbiolo Barolo Barbaresco 千萬風采是透過他示之于世的 。借用今天的語言,他是這兩個產區的代言人。

Robert Parker 曾說 Bruno Giacosa 是謎一樣的人物﹕

There are some mysteries surrounding wine that cannot be explained … Bruno Giacosa's consistent brilliance might well be considered illogical given the fact that until recently most of his wines were made from grapes purchased from other people's vineyards.

或許 Parker 不太聽 Mozart

如果我們把 Bruno Giacosa 當作詩經裏《風》詩篇的無名作者,他的酒便好懂。《風》是從 15 個不同地區采集的地方歌謠。據 Barolo 專家 Ken Vastola 的統計, Bruno Giacosa 1964 年始曾采用來自 9 Barolo 8 Barbaresco 葡萄園的葡萄釀過酒(見﹕http://www.finewinegeek.com/giacosa/),所以他采風的範圍之廣比詩經的《風》不遑多讓。

 

His Barbarescos

 

在這 17 個葡萄園中,用得最多的有 8 個﹕在 Barolo Barbaresco 各半。

Bruno Giacosa 齊名的葡萄園是 Barbaresco Santo Stefano ,他的第一瓶單一葡萄園名酒 1964 年便是出自 Santo Stefano

 

我們嘗過 1990 年的 Santo Stefano Riserva,我在名為 Barbaresco! 的網誌裏曾介紹過 Barbaresco 的酒一般以纖細為上品,而 Barolo 則以陽剛為特色。 Giacosa Santo Stefano 卻是最有 Barolo 味的 Barbaresco 。反過來,他的 Barolo 卻在剛勁的底蘊上有一種陰柔的 Barbaresco 韻味。這種剛柔並濟、輕快與哀愁的結合也是 Mozart 音樂的魅力所在!

Santo Stefano Giacosa 買回來的葡萄,他釀造的酒比葡萄園主人 Castello di Neive 造的酒更好,這是公認的。

 

Gallina 是另一個靠買進葡萄而釀造的酒,自 1974 1998年 間出了起碼 11 瓶,是比較輕柔的風格,但近年可能再買不到葡萄了,所以已經停產。我們喝過末班車 1998,那花香撲鼻的風味,與 Santo Stefano 是個不可以更大的對比。

 

從八十年代開始,市場對 Barolo Barbaresco 的需求越來越大,很多原來只種植葡萄的酒農也開始自己釀酒,Giacosa 被迫要購入自己的葡萄園,他的 Asili 葡萄園自 1990 年開始釀酒, Rabaja 則在 1996 年開始。Asili 飄逸,Rabaja 馥郁,同是 Barbaresco 之上品(見上述Barbaresco! 網誌)。

 

 

His Barolos

 

Giacosa Barolo 同樣是經典!

的第一瓶單一葡萄園 Barolo 1967 年的 Collina Rionda Riserva Serralunga d’Alba 村)。從 1967 1993 年的 25 年間, Giacosa 一共釀造了 13 次,其中 6 次是他認為特佳的年份,推出了 red label Riserva196719781979198219891990)。Rionda 被公認是整個 Barolo 地區最好的幾個葡萄園之一(有人認為是最好的一個),經過 Giacosa 細心的挑選然後釀造出來的酒,產量非常稀少(從 1989 年的 2,838 瓶到 1978 年的 6,450 瓶)。最令人心痛的是﹕ Giacosa 1993 年後再買不到 Rionda 的葡萄,所以這幾萬瓶 Rionda Riserva 便像古董一樣難求。The Ecco Guide to the Best Wines of Italy 的作者 Ian D'Agata 認為 Rionda Riserva 是意大利最偉大的酒﹕(見 意大利的酒中貴族

For my money, this is Italy's single greatest wine, not just one mesmerizing year like the Sassicaia '85 or the Case Basse Riserva' 83, but a never-ending string of successes, 1971, 1978, and 1982 foremost above them … you should never pass up an opportunity to taste one.  The Vigna Rionda is the greatest of all Barolo vineyears, but Giacosa didn’t own it and now most of those grapes are being used by others — unfortunately, as Giacosa is Italy's single greatest winemaker.  The '71 is beyond words; the '78 is the best Barolo of that great vintage …

 

我們找到 1982 1989 年的 Rionda Riserva 來品試1982 年可能存放有毛病,不正常。幸好 1989 真的是名不虛傳,我的筆記這樣寫﹕

Nose of rose, floral, menthol and herbs.  Taste is enveloping whole palate with dark, sinewy fruit, incredibly complex — a model of complexity.  All the charms of Giacosa are here!  A beautiful wine, sinewy, more masculine than Falletto.  Robust tannins and a very complex fruit that is dark.  名不虛傳.  The wine is still very young, and can last another 10-20 years easily!

 

踫巧去年 Antonio Galloni Robert Parker 家裏吃飯,一共開了 16 瓶意大利名酒,Galloni 認為 1989 Rionda Riserva 最好,給他打了個滿分,他的評述如下﹕

The 1989 Barolo Riserva Collina Rionda, on the other hand, is quite possibly the finest wine Giacosa has ever made. Irresistibly sweet, sensual and perfumed, the wine emerged from the glass with endless layers of fruit framed by firm, yet silky tannins, showing the profound heights Barolo is capable of achieving. The 1989 Barolo Riserva Collina Rionda remains one of the benchmarks among the world's great wines.

因為好的葡萄越來越難買得到, Giacosa 終于在 1982 年在 Falletto 買進他的第一個 Barolo 葡萄園。與 Rionda 一樣,這個葡萄園也是位于 Serralunga d’Alba 村,可見他對這個村情有獨鍾。其實 Giacosa 早在七十年代已經開始在 Falletto 買人家種的葡萄,而從 1982 年起,Falletto 與當中位置最高、樹齡最老的名為 Le Rocche del Falletto 的部分便成為 Giacosa 最主要的 Barolo 來源,後者並從 1997 年開始掛上 Le Rocche del Falletto 的名字另外入瓶。

1982 年到 2004 年的 21 年間,先後有 17 年出產兩個葡萄園的 Barolo ,其中 9 年是 Red label Riserva 找不到 Rionda ,只好找 Falletto 了。

因為 Falletto 比較容易找,從 1982 年到 2004 年,我們先後喝過八、九個年份。與 Rionda 一樣,Falletto 有著 Serralunga 村的宏大架構、丹寧重、慢熟的特性。除了次好比較早熟的年份,一般要等他十多二十年才見真章。

 

1982 Giacosa 買進葡萄園後第一年的出品,我們喝過兩瓶,狀態比較好的一瓶已到了巔峰的狀態,有很誘人的花香與泥土氣味,陰柔、有深度的果味,圓潤, nebbiolo 的甜入心脾的餘韻久久不去。

 

1998 Le Rocche del Falletto 也精彩,是個比較早熟的年份。很濕潤的泥土、花香氣味,味道複雜,果味被薄薄的丹寧裹著;我常覺得 Serralunga 的一大特色是當酒開始成熟時,丹寧像輕紗一樣,有一種搔癢的舒服感覺。

 

最精彩要算這瓶 1989 Falletto Riserva,慢熟的年份剛步入成熟,有幾分像 Rionda ,但輕一些,女性一些。 Rionda 的身段很 sinewy ,像 al dente 的意大利麵;Falletto Riserva 像一盤很濃的蘑菇、松露湯,是有體積的而不是線狀的。

Serralunga 應該是 Giacosa 的至愛,他的 Barolo 有七成出自這條村,我的推想是他喜歡酒有較好的結構。

Serralunga 之外,Giacosa 也曾經在 Castiglione Falletto 的兩塊葡萄園買葡萄釀過酒﹕ Villero Le Rocche(有別于上述 Falletto 的另一個 Le Rocche)。前後二十多年來只出過三瓶 Riserva ,可見這並非Giacosa 的首選。

 

我們與友人在同一個晚上試了 1990 Villero 1985 Le Rocche

Falletto 相比,我覺得 Villero Le Rocche 顯得陰柔,我最愛的搔癢式的丹寧沒有了,但這是很典型的 Castiglione Falletto 中庸風格,其中 Villero 古典、勻稱;Le Rocche 嫵媚、馥郁;前者近 Serralunga ,後者近 La MorraBrovia 酒莊的莊主 Giacinto Brovia Alex Sanchez 說得好﹕“If we characterize the wines of Castiglione Falletto, we would say that they are wines that exhibit a notable equilibrium between elegance and structure.”  Castiglione Falletto 非黑亦非白,而是層層的灰色。

吾師吾友 Kevin 用類比的手法談這兩瓶酒,我覺得非常有趣。他說 Le Rocche 可以比作 Burgundy Clos Vougeot Nuit-St-Georges Gevrey-Chambertin Morey-St-Denis ,他是從 Le Rocche meaty, acidic, structure, minerality body 得出這個結論的。不同的是,Burgundy cherry 香氣Barolo floral 氣味。精彩!

至于 Villero ,他說可以比作 Beaujolais 某些產區,或者是 Bordeaux St Julien

Giacosa 找到了 Kevin 這位 Francophile 知音者,可見他的語言確是很國際性的。 Kevin 好像也認同我的 Mozart 觀,他更認為是近 Bach 那種天籟之音的 Mozart

 

The Great Man

 

我開始時說我想談Giacosa 不知道從那裏開始,但現在卻不知道如何結束!

讓我引幾段話總結這篇文章。

Giacosa 是個不苟言笑的人,但我終于找到他講過這樣的一番話﹕

Giacosa is nearly as famous for his modesty as he is for the surreal character of his wines. As his legend has grown over time, many writers have made the pilgrimage to the Giacosa cantina in Neive eager to learn the details behind his wines, only to receive the simple response that he is a traditionalist. Giacosa has always preferred to let his wines do the talking. “Winemaking involves a great many small decisions, each affecting the next. One can only hope to get them right, to capture what there was in the grapes to begin with” is what he told Gerald Asher in the early '90s; this was about as far as he would go at the time in articulating his methods.

(見﹕http://www.rarewineco.com/html/feat/b-giac.htm

Sheldon Wasserman 這樣評價 Giacosa :

Bruno Giacosa is without question one of Italy's — make that the world's — finest winemakers.  A man of few words but eloquent talent, Giacosa has the ability to bring out a richness of flavor and an intensity of character in his wines, to produce wines of meditation.  The man is an artist.

Nicolas Belfrage 如此說﹕

The common factor between the top producers of Barolo and Barbaresco, given that we speak of individuals of highly developed and utterly distinctive personality, is consistency.  Their bottles are never mediocre, sometimes sensational.  In my experience, no one's Nebbiolos have been more consistently wonderful over such a long period than those of this morose, introspective genius of Neive.

很多人不知道 Robert Parker 也對 Barolo Barbaresco 讚不絕口。他曾經說﹕

If I said his top Barbarescos and Barolos can rival a great vintage of Petrus for richness and complexity, few, I suspect, would believe it.  However, his wines are on that level … if I were restricted to only one bottle of Italian wine, it would be one of the great Babarescos or Barolos from Bruno Giacosa.

正因為這個原因,他在 The World's Greatest Wine Estates 中介紹 Giacosa 時,他的結語是這樣寫的﹕

Perhaps the greatest compliment I could confer on Bruno Giacosa is that there are no wines in the world I buy without tasting first, except for those of one producer — the Professor of Nebbiolo.

我的意見是﹕如果你這一輩子都不買 Bruno Giacosa 的酒,起碼請你試一口“one of the great Babarescos or Barolos from Bruno Giacosa”: a Riserva version of Santo Stefano, Falletto or better still, Rionda.

1 則評論在 Giacosa!.

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